THE AUTHOR OF THE TORAH----------> (THE CRITICS HISTORY during the renaissance to the twentieth century)

        The renaissance was a great revolution, which developed the European societies, in Arts,Science, Culture ........etc, .The freedom was the main idea, which the writers established ,.the Scientists and the  People of the Culture.                                                                                                                                 They began to feel the weakness or the fall of the Popedom, due to the different schools of learning, at that time.,after the fail ,during the crusader's wars. the Pope himself, began to feel his weakness ,and begged the people using the systems of his ancestors, to cover his weakness by the power of his position, as a Pope ordering his people, to buy the forgiveness of God ,through his false documents ,but the feeling of the freedom as a Right of the Human ,was more stronger than the power of the Pope himself,The scientists and the writers divided into two groups :-                                                                                                                 (1)Those who put the Bible in the same bag of the Popedom ,which they must find the reasons of its weakness, but keep its authority and sovereignty ,as a traditional sign ,for the last European empire,and the wished futurity empire .                                                                                                                          (2)The people who knew that the system of the Popedom ,and the Pope as a title,as a non biblical source,and has not an original biblical expression ,or even reflected any of the bible instructions and commandments.The Bible taught us that The Lord Jesus Christ himself, have forbidden his followers, to use a great or a precious garments, as a uniform, to reflect their great positions,or their greatness, before the people of God ,or to call themselves ,or allow to others to call them ,as Fathers,Lords,Teachers in concern of our riligious possesion between the people of God, [see for JUST examples in Matthew23.9-12, 12.38,39, Luke11.43, 20.46 The apostle "John" himselfe condemned one person, his name was "Diotrephes", because he thought that, he was the first ,among the people of God [see 3John9 ]..                                                                                      The first group were more loyal to the Popedom ,some of their writers have respected the Bible as their sacrifice, to defend for the decayed system, as for Example, between those:- "Andreas Masius",The Roman Catholic Lawer1574,"Benedict Spinoza"1632,The Jesuit Scholars "Jaque Bonfrere" and "Benedict Perreira"."Thomas Hobbes"1651,The Roman Catholic Writer "Richard Simon",The Catholic Preist"JenLeClerc"1685,"Hans Witter"1711,Jean Astruc The French Roman Catholic Physician 1753 .......etc,.                                                                                                                                                      In that soil, "Wellhausen" grew up.,and form a different Plant ,He used the "Evolution theory "of another scientist called "John Darwin" to kill the remains of the "Religious Taboo" by dealing with it ,as any human book ,but gave himself the right to deal with it, using more courage in his critical views ,than the courage which he could use, to criticize any human book .BUT to be great , you must win the quarrel with the great ,[as they said].all these great persons in the feild of the criticism have dead ,and their thoughts could not have won their quarell with God, their criticism of his word .                                                                                                                                                              On the other hand, we have found the Reformation movements,which was by "Martin Luther","John Calvin","Zwingli","Farrel".,"John Hus","John Wesley","The movement of the brethren of Plymouth" and others.The movements of those great men, were full of the great men also, who were defendants of the Bible ,which have possessed the reality itself ,and Jesus in the Bible who is the Truth itself ,He have told all the ages in Luke 19.40"If those should hold their peace,The Stones would immediately cry out" For that reason the sound of the critics now began to vanish ,after the beginning of the twentieth century, because the Archeological descoveries in Egypt,in the Sacred Lands,Lebanon,Syria,Jordon,Iraq and many other countries,The rocks testified the truth , and most of the assumptions of the Critics,have changed to be some of the old imagined stories .And the truth proclaimed itself . It is now very clear before any one ,who have a sincere desire, to know the truth ,and for those who have believed in God, And His Word                                -------------- the next essays ,we have the Lliterture,Historical,Biblical,Archeological comments on the Critics Thoughts ------------------------- Followed   Rev. Joseph